Galvanized Yankees - Confederate PoW\'s Who Enlisted in the Union Army For Sale

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Galvanized Yankees - Confederate PoW\'s Who Enlisted in the Union Army:
$14.00

Galvanized Yankees

Southern Prisoners of War
who enlisted and served The Union
in the Far West.

Written by Dee by Bison Books, in : Near Fine, unused condition.
May have a very slight wear to the very edges of the cover
from shipping / storage. Book has never been opened.243 pages, Some Illustrations / Portraits. Headings Include :Bloody Years on the Plains, Oaths and Allegiances, Soldering on the Wide Missouri,
Give it Back to the Indians, From the Cimarron to the Powder,
From Camp Douglas to Camp Douglas, The Incredible Captain Shanks,
Ohioans from Dixie - The Powder River Expedition, Blizzard March,
And Last Man Out.From Yankees was a term from the American Civil Wardenoting former Confederate prisoners of war who swore allegiance to the UnitedStates and joined the Union Army. Approximately 5,600 former Confederatesoldiers enlisted in the \"United States Volunteers\", organized intosix regiments of infantry between January 1864 and November 1866. Of those,more than 250 had begun their service as Union soldiers, were captured inbattle, then enlisted in prison to join a regiment of the Confederate StatesArmy. They surrendered to Union forces in December 1864 and were held by theUnited States as deserters, but were saved from prosecution by being enlistedin the 5th and 6th U.S. Volunteers. An additional 800 former Confederatesserved in volunteer regiments raised by the states, forming ten companies. Fourof those companies saw combat in the Western Theater against the ConfederateArmy, two served on the western frontier, and one became an independent companyof U.S. Volunteers, serving in Minnesota.The term \"galvanized\" has also been applied toformer Union soldiers enlisting in the Confederate Army, including the useof \"galvanized Yankees\" to designate them. At least 1,600 formerUnion prisoners of war enlisted in Confederate service in late 1864 and early1865, most of them recent German or Irish immigrants who had been drafted intoUnion regiments. The practice of recruiting from prisoners of war began in 1862at Camp Douglas at Chicago, Illinois, with attempts to enlist Confederateprisoners who expressed reluctance to exchange following their capture at FortDonelson. Some 228 prisoners of mostly Irish extraction were enlisted by Col.James A. Mulligan before the War Department banned further recruitment March15. The ban continued until the fall of 1863, except for a few enlistments offoreign-born Confederates into largely ethnic regiments.Three factors led to a resurrection of the concept: anoutbreak of the American Indian Wars by tribes in Minnesota and on the GreatPlains; the disinclination of paroled but not exchanged Federal troops to beused to fight them; and protests of the Confederate government that any use ofparoled troops in Indian warfare was a violation of the Dix-Hill prisoner ofwar cartel. Gen. Gilman Marston, commandant of the huge prisoner of war camp atPoint Lookout, Maryland, recommended that Confederate prisoners be enlisted inthe U.S. Navy, which Secretary of War Edwin Stanton approved December 21.General Benjamin Butler\'s jurisdiction included Point Lookout, and he advisedStanton that more prisoners could be recruited for the Army than the Navy. Thematter was then referred to President Lincoln, who gave verbal authorization onJanuary 2, 1864, and formal authorization on March 5 to raise the 1st UnitedStates Volunteer Infantry for three years\' service without restrictions as touse.On April 17, 1864, General Ulysses S. Grant orderedsuspension of all prisoner exchanges because of disputes over the cartel,ending any hope of long-held Confederate prisoners for early release. OnSeptember 1, Lincoln approved 1,750 more Confederate recruits in order tobolster his election chances in Pennsylvania, enough to form two moreregiments, to be sent to the frontier to fight American Indians. Due to doubtsabout their ultimate loyalty, galvanized Yankees in federal service weregenerally assigned to garrison forts far from the Civil War battlefields or inaction against Indians in the west. However, desertion rates among the units ofgalvanized Yankees were little different from those of state volunteer units inFederal service. The final two regiments of U.S. Volunteers were recruited inthe spring of 1865 to replace the 2nd and 3rd U.S.V.I., which had been enlistedas one-year regiments. Galvanized troops of the U.S. Volunteers on the frontierserved as far west as Camp Douglas, Utah; as far south as Fort Union, NewMexico; and as far north as Fort Benton, Montana.

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