CHAMPAGNE TOPAZ Specimen Crystal Cluster Mineral JUAB CO UTAH w/ ID card for Sale

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CHAMPAGNE TOPAZ Specimen Crystal Cluster Mineral JUAB CO UTAH w/ ID card For Sale

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CHAMPAGNE TOPAZ Specimen Crystal Cluster Mineral JUAB CO UTAH w/ ID card:
$12.98

This listing is for a really fascinating champagne topaz specimen in a display jar,
including an info card about this mineral and the location this specimen came from.
This kit is great for avid mineral specimen collectors or beginners.
It would be a perfect gift set for getting someone interested in mineral collecting and science.
The 1 centimeter scale cube is for size comparison only. It is not included in the sale.
The photos are of several different specimens, but this listings is for one specimen with an info card.
The photos show multiple specimens to give a representation of the variety of shapes and colors in these specimens.I offer a shipping discount for customers who combine their payments for multiple purchases into one payment!
The discount is regular shipping price for the first item and just 50 cents for each additional item!
To be sure you get your shipping discount just make sure all the items you want to purchase are in your cart.
sales you win are added to your cart automatically.
For any "buy it now" items or second chance offers, be sure to click the "add to cart" button, NOT the "buy it now" button.
Onceall of your items are in your cart just pay for them from your cart andthe combined shipping discount should be applied automatically.I offer a money back guarantee on every item I sell.
If you are not 100% happy with your purchase just send me a message to let me know
and I will buy back the item for your full purchase price.Hi there. I am selling this really lovely champagne topaz mineral specimen. It is from Juab County, Utah. If you have any questions, do not hesitate to ask me. Have fun offerding, thanks so much for visiting my sale and have a great day!

The following is a wikipedia entry about topaz:

Many English translations of the Bible, including the King James Version, mention topaz. However, because these translations as topaz all derive from the Septuagint translation topazi[os], which referred to a yellow stone that was not topaz, but probably chrysolite (chrysoberyl or peridot), topaz is likely not meant here.[13]

An English superstition also held that topaz cured lunacy.[14] The ancient Romans believed that topaz provided protection from danger while traveling.[15] During the Middle Ages, it was believed that attaching the topaz to the left arm protected the owner from any curse and warded off the evil eye. It was also believed that wearing topaz increased body heat, which would enable people to relieve a cold or fever.[16] In Europe during the Middle Ages, topaz was believed to enhance mental is a gemstone. In cut and polished form, it is used to make jewellery or other adornments. It also has other uses. Orange topaz, also known as precious topaz, is the conventional birthstone for November, the symbol of friendship and the state gemstone of the U.S. state of Utah.[18] Blue topaz is the state gemstone of the US state of topaz crystal

Topaz in its natural state is colorless, often with a greyish cast. It also occurs as a golden brown to yellow which makes it sometimes confused with citrine, a less valuable gemstone.[20] The specific gravity of all shades of topaz, however, means that it is considerably heavier than citrine (about 25% per volume) and this difference in weight can be used to distinguish two stones of equal volume. Also, if the volume of a given stone can be determined, its weight if topaz can be established and then checked with a sensitive scale. Likewise, glass stones are also much lighter than equally sized topaz.

A variety of impurities and treatments may make topaz wine red, pale gray, reddish-orange, pale green, or pink (rare), and opaque to translucent/transparent. The pink and red varieties come from chromium replacing aluminium in its crystalline topaz from Utah, USA

Imperial topaz is yellow, pink (rare, if natural) or pink-orange. Brazilian imperial topaz can often have a bright yellow to deep golden brown hue, sometimes even violet. Many brown or pale topazes are treated to make them bright yellow, gold, pink, or violet colored. Some imperial topaz stones can fade on exposure to sunlight for an extended period of time.[21][22] Naturally occurring blue topaz is quite rare. Typically, colorless, gray, or pale yellow and blue material is heat treated and irradiated to produce a more desired darker blue.[22] Mystic topaz is colorless topaz which has been artificially coated via a vapor deposition process giving it a rainbow effect on its surface.[23]

Although very hard, topaz must be treated with greater care than some other minerals of similar hardness (such as corundum) because of a weakness of atomic bonding of the stone's molecules along one or another axial plane (whereas diamonds, for example, are composed of carbon atoms bonded to each other with equal strength along all of its planes). This gives topaz a tendency to break along such a cleavage plane if struck with sufficient force.[24]

Topaz has a relatively low index of refraction for a gemstone, and so stones with large facets or tables do not sparkle as readily as stones cut from minerals with higher refractive indices, though quality colorless topaz sparkles and shows more "life" than similarly cut quartz. When given a typical "brilliant" cut, topaz may either show a sparkling table facet surrounded by dead-looking crown facets or a ring of sparkling crown facets with a dull well-like table.[25] It also takes an exceptionally fine polish, and can sometimes be distinguished from citrine by its slippery feel alone (quartz cannot be polished to this level of method of distinguishing topaz from quartz is by placing the unset stone in a solution of bromoform or methylene iodide. Quartz will invariably float in these solutions, whereas topaz will sink.[26]

Localities and occurrence

Main topaz producing countries

Topaz is commonly associated with silicic igneous rocks of the granite and rhyolite type. It typically crystallizes in granitic pegmatites or in vapor cavities in rhyolite lava flows including those at Topaz Mountain in western Utah and Chivinar in South America. It can be found with fluorite and cassiterite in various areas including the Ural and Ilmensky mountains of Russia, in Afghanistan, Sri Lanka, the Czech Republic, Germany, Norway, Pakistan, Italy, Sweden, Japan, Brazil, Mexico; Flinders Island, Australia; Nigeria and the United States.

Brazil is one of the largest producers of topaz,[27] some clear topaz crystals from Brazilian pegmatites can reach boulder size and weigh hundreds of pounds. The Topaz of Aurangzeb, observed by Jean Baptiste Tavernier weighed 157.75 carats (31.550 g).[28] The American Golden Topaz, a more recent gem, weighed 22,892.5 carats (4,578.50 g). Large, vivid blue topaz specimens from the St. Anns mine in Zimbabwe were found in the late 1980s.[29] Colorless and light-blue varieties of topaz are found in Precambrian granite in Mason County, Texas[30] within the Llano Uplift. There is no commercial mining of topaz in that area.[31] It is possible to synthesize topaz.[32]