Black Heritage PAUL ROBESON / Langston Hughes / Malcolm X 2004 First Day Cover for Sale

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Black Heritage PAUL ROBESON / Langston Hughes / Malcolm X 2004 First Day Cover For Sale

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Black Heritage PAUL ROBESON / Langston Hughes / Malcolm X 2004 First Day Cover:
$12.99

Thisisa beautiful First Day Cover from the BLACK HERITAGE SERIES released in 2004 honoringBaritone PAUL ROBESON.Postmarked January 20th, 2004 in Princeton, New Jersey, the cover includes the 37 cent stamp celebrating PAUL ROBESON as well as the 33 cent stamp honoringHuman RightsActivist and ministerMALCOLM X,the 34 cent stamp honoring playwright LANGSTON HUGHESand Philanthropist andthe 34 cent stamp honoring Human RightsActivist ROY WILKINS .....Biography: Paul Robeson (1898 - 1976)was an African American singer, actor, and political activist. He crusaded for equality and justice for African Americans. Paul Leroy Robeson was born the last of eight children in the Robeson family, on April 9, 1898, in Princeton, New Jersey. His father, William Drew Robeson, was a runaway slave who fought for the North in the Civil War (1861–65), when Northern forces clashed with those of the South over secession, or the South\'s desire to leave the Union. His father put himself through Lincoln University, received a degree in divinity, and was pastor at a Presbyterian church in Princeton. Paul\'s mother, Anna Louisa Robeson, was a member of the distinguished Bustill family of Philadelphia, which included patriots in the Revolutionary War (1775–83), when the American colonies fought for independence from Great Britain. She also helped found the Free African Society, and maintained agents in the Underground Railroad, a secret system to help runaway slaves. Paul\'s mother died when he was six and his father moved the remaining family to Sommerville, New Jersey. There, young Paul spent his childhood under his father\'s influence, regularly working with him after school and also singing in his father\'s church.At seventeen Robeson won a scholarship to Rutgers University in New Brunswick, New Jersey. Although he was only the third African American student in the school\'s history, Robeson was immensely popular and was considered an athlete \"without equal.\" He won an amazing twelve major letters (varsity spots on sports teams) in four years. His academic record was also brilliant. He won first prize (for four consecutive years) in every speaking competition at the college for which he was eligible, and he was elected to Phi Beta Kappa, a scholarship honor society. In addition, he engaged in social work in the local black community and delivered his senior class graduation speech. Rutgers subsequently honored him as the \"perfect type of college man.\"Robeson graduated from the Columbia University Law School in 1923 and took a job with a New York City law firm. In 1921 he married Eslanda Goode Cardozo; they had one child. Robeson\'s career as a lawyer ended abruptly when others within the firm turned on him because he was African American. He then turned to acting as a career, playing the lead inAll God\'s Chillun Got Wings(1924) andThe Emperor Jones(1925). He added to his acting by singing spirituals. He was the first to give an entire program of exclusively African American songs in concert, and he was one of the most popular concert singers of his time.Robeson starred in such stage presentations asShow Boat(1928),Othello,in London (1930),Toussaint L\'Ouverture(1934), andStevedore(1935). HisOthello(1943–44) ran for 296 performances—a remarkable run for a Shakespearean play on Broadway. While playing opposite white actress Mary Ure, he became the first black actor ever to do the role in England\'s Shakespeare Memorial Theater. Robeson\'s most significant films wereEmperor Jones(1933),Show Boat, Song of Freedom(both 1936), andProud Valley(1939). Charles Gilpin and Robeson, as the first African American men to play serious roles on the American stage, opened up this aspect of the theater for African Americans. Robeson used his talents not only to entertain but to gain appreciation for the cultural differences among men.During the 1930\'s Robeson entertained throughout Europe and the United States. In 1934 he made the first of several trips to the Soviet Union. He spoke out against the Nazis, Adolf Hitler\'s radical German army, and sang to Loyalist troops during the Spanish Civil War (1936–39), when battles erupted between Spain\'s traditionalists and reigning Second Spanish Republic. In addition he raised money to fight the Italian invasion of Ethiopia, supported the Committee to Aid China, and became chairman of the Council on African Affairs (which he helped establish in 1937). A spokesman for cultural black nationalism (a radical movement that called for African Americans to set up their own self-governing nation), Robeson also continued to fight racial discrimination. During World War II (1939–45), when the Allies—the United States, England, France, and the Soviet Union—battled German-led Axis forces, he supported the American effort by entertaining soldiers in camps and laborers in war industries.After the war, Robeson worked full-time campaigning for the rights of African Americans around the world. In a period of great paranoia within the nation, the American government and many citizens felt threatened by Robeson\'s crusade for peace and on behalf of minorities. The fact that for over fifteen years he was America\'s most popular African American did not prevent Robeson from being banned from American concert and meeting halls and being denied a passport to travel overseas. During the 1950\'s Robeson performed in black churches and for trade unions. After eight years of denial, he won his passport, gave a concert in Carnegie Hall, and publishedHere I Standin 1958. He went abroad on concert, television, and theater engagements. He received numerous honors and awards: the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People\'s (NAACP) Spingarn Medal, several honorary degrees from colleges, the Diction Award from the American Academy of Arts and Letters, numerous awards from labor unions and civic organizations, and the Stalin Peace Prize.Robeson had used an \"unshakable dignity and courage\" learned from his father to break stereotypes and limitations throughout his life. He added fifteen spoken languages, a law degree, an international career as singer and actor, and civil rights activist to his long list of accomplishments in his effort to be \"the leader of the black race in America.\"Robeson returned to America in 1963 in poor health and soon retired from public life. Slowly deteriorating and living in seclusion, Robeson died on January 23, 1976, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, after suffering a stroke. (Reprinted in part from the World Biography website).....DETAILS: This beautiful \"First Day of Issue\" cover measures 6 1/2\" X 3 5/8\" inches,was postmarked January 20th, 2004 in Paul Robeson\'s birthplace, Princeton, New Jersey and includes beautiful illustrations of Robeson as an athlete, Civil Rights Leader and actor in his role in \"Othello\".The backside of the envelope is blank..... CONDITION:With the exception of light soiling to the backside, this rarecoveris in excellent condition and will make a wonderful addition to the collection of any musicaltheatre aficionado or historian. This itemwill be carefully packaged in a protective sleeve and backed by stiff cardboard.