\"Nobel Prize in Medicine\" Arthur Kornberg Hand Signed FDC Dated 1951 for Sale

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\"Nobel Prize in Medicine\" Arthur Kornberg Hand Signed FDC Dated 1951 For Sale

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\"Nobel Prize in Medicine\" Arthur Kornberg Hand Signed FDC Dated 1951:
$149.99

Up for sale the "Nobel Prize in Medicine" Arthur Kornberg Hand Signed First Day Cover Dated 1951.

ES-4261

Arthur Kornberg (March

3, 1918 – October 26, 2007) was an American biochemist who won the Nobel Prize

in Physiology or Medicine 1959 for his discovery of "the

mechanisms in the biological synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)"

together with Dr. Severo Ochoa of New York University. He

was also awarded the Paul-Lewis

Award in Enzyme Chemistry from the American Chemical Society in

1951, L.H.D. degree from Yeshiva University in

1962, as well as National Medal of Science in

1979. In 1991, Kornberg received the Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement Award in 1995. His primary research interests acid synthesis

(DNA replication) and studying the nucleic acids which control

heredity in animals, plants, bacteria and viruses. Born in New York City, Kornberg was the son of Jewish parents Joseph and Lena (née Katz) Kornberg, who

emigrated to New York from Austrian Galicia (now

part of Poland) in 1900 before they were married. His paternal

grandfather had changed the family name from Queller (also spelled Kweller) to

avoid the draft by taking on the identity of someone who had already completed

military service. Joseph married Lena in 1904. Joseph worked as a sewing

machine operator in the sweat shops of the Lower East side of New York for

almost 30 years, and when his health failed, opened a small hardware store

in Brooklyn, where Arthur assisted customers at the age of nine.

Joseph spoke at least six languages although he had no formal education. Arthur

Kornberg was educated first at Abraham Lincoln High School and then at City College in New York City. He received at B.Sc. in 1937, followed by

an M.D. at the University of Rochester in

1941. Kornberg had a mildly elevated level of bilirubin in his blood— jaundice due to a hereditary genetic condition known as Gilbert's syndrome—and,

while at medical school, he took a survey of fellow students to discover how

common the condition was. The results were published in Kornberg's first

research paper in was at Strong Memorial Hospital in Rochester, New York,

between 1941–1942. After completing his medical training, he joined the armed

services as a lieutenant in the United States Coast Guard,

serving as a ship's doctor in 1942. Rolla Dyer, the Director of National

Institutes of Health, had noticed his paper and invited him to join

the research team at the Nutrition Laboratory of the NIH. From 1942 to 1945,

Kornberg's work was the feeding of specialized diets to rats to discover new

vitamins. The feeding of rats was boring work, and Kornberg became fascinated

by enzymes. He transferred to Dr Severo Ochoa's laboratory at New York University in

1946, and took summer courses at Columbia University to

fill out the gaps in his knowledge of organic and physical chemistry while

learning the techniques of enzyme purification at work. He became Chief of the

Enzyme and Metabolism Section at NIH from 1947–1953, working on led to his work on how DNA is built up from simpler molecules. While working at NIH, he also researched at Washington University in

St. Louis (in the lab of Carl Ferdinand Cori and Gerty Cori in 1947), and the University of California,

Berkeley (in the lab of Horace Barker in 1951). In

1953 he became Professor and Head of the Department of Microbiology, Washington

University in St. Louis, until 1959. Here he continued experimenting with the

enzymes which created DNA. In 1956 he isolated the first DNA polymerizing

enzyme, now known as DNA polymerase I. This won him the Nobel prize in 1959. In

1960 he received a LL.D. again from City College,

followed by a D.Sc. at the University of Rochester in

1962. He became Professor and Executive Head of the Department of

Biochemistry, Stanford University, in

1959. In an interview in 1997, Arthur Kornberg (referring to Josh Lederberg) said: "Lederberg really wanted to join my

department. I knew him; he's a genius, but he'd be unable to focus and to

operate within a small family group like ours, and so, I was instrumental in

establishing a department of genetics [at Stanford] of which he would be

chairman." Kornberg's

mother died of gas gangrene from a spore infection

after a routine gall bladder operation

in 1939. This started his lifelong fascination with spores, and he devoted some

of his research efforts to understanding them while at Washington University.

From 1962 to 1970, in the midst of his work on DNA synthesis, Kornberg devoted

half his research effort to determining how DNA is stored in the spore, what

replication mechanisms are included, and how the spore generates a new cell. This was an unfashionable but complex area of science,

and although some progress was made, eventually Kornberg abandoned this

research. The Arthur Kornberg Medical Research Building at the University

of Rochester Medical Center was named in his honor in 1999. Until

his death, Kornberg maintained an active research laboratory at Stanford and

regularly published peer reviewed scientific journal articles. For several

years the focus of his research was the metabolism of inorganic polyphosphate. The "Kornberg school" of biochemistry

refers to Arthur Kornberg's many graduate students and post-doctoral fellows,

i.e., his intellectual children, and the trainees of his trainees, i.e., his

intellectual grandchildren. Kornberg's intellectual children include I. Robert Lehman,[2] Charles C. Richardson, Randy Schekman, William T. Wickner, James Rothman, Arturo