"Father of Agroforestry" J. Russell Smith Hand Signed 3X5.5 Card For Sale

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"Father of Agroforestry" J. Russell Smith Hand Signed 3X5.5 Card:
$279.99

Up for sale "Father of Agroforestry" J. Russell Smith Hand Signed 3X5.5 Card. 

ES-9549

Joseph

Russell Smith (February 3, 1874

– February 26, 1966) was an American geographer. He worked in the Department of

Geography and Industry at the University of Pennsylvania and

later the Columbia Business School where

he chaired the economic geography program. From 1941 to 1942, Smith

served as President of the American

Association of Geographers. He

is considered the father of the field of Agroforestry. Smith was born in the Piedmont region of

Virginia and raised in a Quaker household that focused on farming. He attended

the Wharton School for

his Bachelor's degree, but had

an extended degree period lasting for five years from 1893 to 1898 due to him

having to teach on the side in order to pay for his university attendance. His

graduate degree studies afterward were conducted under Emory Richard Johnson and

he was assigned in 1899 to work with the Isthmian Canal Commission in

order to research how the canal would impact commercial enterprises across the

new Central American shipping route. He spent later parts of his education

looking into the importance of geographical research, which was not offered as

a main course of study at the time in schools. A year abroad in Germany and time spent researching the country's port

cities alongside Friedrich Ratzel and Karl Sapper allowed him to further understand that more

than physical geography was

required for general student understanding of such topics. Not long after, he

completed his Ph.D. defense in 1903 with his thesis titled "The

Organization of Ocean Commerce". After graduating, Smith was given an

instructor position at the Wharton School and this resulted in him having to

develop his own textbooks for the courses he taught, leading to many of his

literary releases on a variety of industries. His official and main college

text was titled Industrial and Commercial Geography, which was the

first US collegiate text on the subject of economic geography, and it

was through the success of this text that he was able to formally organize the

Geography and Industry Department at the university. By 1919, the failure of the Wharton School to

properly pay the salaries of his ten assistant students led to Smith resigning

from his position and taking up a new job as the head of the economic geography

department that was formed at the new Columbia School of

Business. During that same year, Smith removed himself

from direct academic research so he could work on his upcoming book, Influence

of the Great War Upon Shipping, as requested and funded by the Carnegie

Endowment for International Peace. He also took a trip to Russia

alongside Herbert Hoover in

order to assist the American Relief

Administration in their efforts to manage and combat the Russian famine of 1921–22.

Afterward, he continued traveling around the world throughout the 1920s in

order to continue gathering materials for future books. He retired from his

head departmental position at Columbia University in April 1940.  In 1929, he released his book Tree

Crops: A Permanent Agriculture, which would serve as one of the earliest

sources and motivators for the field of agroforestry, though it would not be made into a true

scientific field until the 1960s. The impetus for the book came about from his

global travels whereby he saw the negative impacts of soil erosion in multiple

countries. So he focused his book on the idea of tree breeding and the

development of genetically superior cultivars that could be grown in poor,

often mountainous, soils so as to improve them. He also suggested the creation

of many national branches of a "Institute of Mountain Agriculture" in

order to maintain upkeep of these endeavors. Smith discussed his research on general

agricultural improvement at the seventeenth international congress of the International Geographical

Union in 1952 and presented hypothetical ideas on future

technologies, including methods for removing the salt from ocean water and

using solar power to help in the irrigation of deserts and arid lands by

pumping river water from mountainous regions.

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